POLAND UNABLE TO OVERTURN SAME-SEX MARRIAGE. (PHOTO).

 Poland unable to overturn same-sex marriage

Two same-sex spouses — one holding Polish citizenship and the other with dual Polish-German nationality — scored a significant legal victory for LGBTQ+ couples in Europe on Tuesday, as the European Union’s top court ruled that Poland must recognize marriages legally performed elsewhere in the bloc.

The Court of Justice of the European Union determined that Poland’s refusal to transcribe foreign same-sex marriages into its civil registry discriminates against couples and violates EU free-movement laws. The judges emphasized that requiring couples to choose between returning to Poland and maintaining their marital status abroad amounts to unequal treatment. The ruling clarified that acknowledging a marriage conducted in another EU country does not alter Poland’s domestic definition of marriage but ensures equal rights for citizens moving across borders.

The case involved JC-T, a dual Polish-German citizen, and MT, a Polish national, who married in Germany in 2018 while living there. When they moved back to Poland, officials refused to register their marriage, citing domestic law limiting marriage to opposite-sex couples. After exhausting appeals in Polish courts, the couple turned to the EU’s highest court. The judges ruled that EU law — particularly provisions on free movement and anti-discrimination — requires Poland to recognize their marriage for all legal purposes.

Legal experts hailed the ruling as a decisive step forward. Unlike the 2018 Coman case, which only granted residence rights for non-EU spouses, the court extended recognition to full marital status for same-sex EU citizens. Scholars noted that the decision confirms the right of same-sex couples to equal treatment throughout the EU and emphasized that transcription into Poland’s civil register may be necessary when no other recognition mechanism exists.

Observers stressed that the ruling is significant for Poland, where same-sex couples currently have no legal recognition, and where political resistance remains strong under the nationalist Law and Justice Party. Public support for same-sex partnerships, however, has been rising, with a 2025 survey showing roughly 62% in favor.

Advocacy groups across Europe called the ruling a milestone for equality and free movement. Experts said it provides legal grounds to challenge administrative barriers in member states that do not recognize same-sex marriages, while the applicants’ lawyers celebrated the judgment as a clear, enforceable victory that strengthens the rights of LGBTQ+ couples across the EU.

Poland’s government has not issued a comment on the ruling. While the decision is legally binding under EU law, how the country will implement it in practice remains uncertain. The ruling ensures that foreign same-sex marriages must be recognized in Poland, marking a major step toward equality for LGBTQ+ families within the European Union.